Blue and white porcelain is famous the world over, but fewer people know its red and white counterpart. This type of porcelain was made in China in the early 18th century, in Jingdezhen, a centre of the porcelain industry, for export to Europe. In the Netherlands, the porcelain with red decoration against a white background is known as ‘milk and blood’ porcelain. This colour combination was particularly popular in the provinces of Friesland and Groningen. The presentation showcases the Roelofsz-Dunlop collection, donated to the museum thanks to the Rembrandt Association.

Most red and white porcelain was made during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor (1662-1722) of the Qing dynasty (1644-1912). The name ‘milk and blood’ was probably coined by antiques dealers in the 19th century. Although the porcelain was made specially for export to Europe, the decorations are unmistakably Chinese. The wares often feature images inspired by famous Chinese books, or decorations that includes symbols of luck. On rare occasions, the painting is based on examples of prints from Europe, or extra decoration was added in the Netherlands.

The red and gold paintwork was not applied until the object had been fired, over the transparent glaze, and fixed at low temperatures. The motif often has an iron-red outline with a salmon-pink fill, which gives the decorations a very delicate and refined appearance. Many of the household objects made in this style were therefore only used for decorative purposes.

The ‘milk and blood’ collection was donated to Kunstmuseum Den Haag via the Rembrandt Association. The porcelain was previously donated to the Rembrandt Association by collectors Mrs Henriëtte Roelofsz-Dunlop (1926-2014) and Mr Noes Roelofsz (1921-2012), who lived in The Hague.

Saucer Part of a tea service decorated with peaches, pomegranates, bats and Shou pattern for longevity China, Jingdezhen, 18th century Diameter 10.2 cm Kunstmuseum Den Haag, Collection Roelofsz-Dunlop - acquired with support of the Rembrandt Association.