Al JahiliI Fort

Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

Al Jahili Fort is known for its splendid style in the art of building and the local Islamic military architecture.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

This fort was built with the aim of uniting and unifying the tribes, as well as to be the headquarter of Sheikh Zayed the First during his stay in the summer in Al-Ain due to its moderate climate and the presence of aflaj and fresh water in it. In addition to looking at the conditions of the population, providing services to them, and solving their problems.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The construction of the fort

Began in 1891 AD and was completed in 1897 AD. Then it became the headquarter of Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin Shakhbut. In 1909, Sheikh Zayed died and was replaced by his son Tahnoun, and some members of his family lived in the fort, then left and deserted it.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

In 1948 AD, the English came and decided that it was a suitable and strategic location. Thus, they restored and arranged it and resided there. After that, Al Jahili Fort was restored again under the directives of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, may his soul rest in peace.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The construction of the fort was documented by a plaque with two poetic verses written on its door.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The fort has high walls that surround it from all directions, with an area equivalent to 3 times the area of the fort building. It has a square shape whose sides are 70 meters long and about 5 meters high.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The fort within the walls occupies only a quarter of the area, while the remaining area is empty, and various ceremonies were held in it on official and religious occasions and folk dances.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The fort was also used for important issues, such as delivering a speech or an economic statement to the people of the country or penalties approved by Sharia.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

These walls were built in order to provide the necessary protection for the fort and to supervise all sides. Therefore, it is topped with triangular balconies and has openings for firing during wars.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The square of Al Jahili Fort had multiple uses, as it was used as a residence for some soldiers and to set up tents for them, as well as a place for horses, camels and training.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The covered space of the fort, which is long narrow halls, is a vital area that was used to move quickly and flexibly and to explore within the fort's inner confines.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The Main Gate

It represents the symbolism of the place and the interval space between the public and private section.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The fort has two towers with a diameter of 3 meters at the bottom and two meters at the top, each spanning over 3 floors.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The lower floor was used as a room for the gatekeepers, while the two rooms on the second and third floors have mandrels, slots for riflemen, and slots for cannons

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The Square Castle

Is located in the northwest quadrant of the fort. It has the shape of a square whose sides are 35 meters long. Its 4 facades are free from all directions to facilitate defense purposes.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The southern facade is the main facade of the castle. It is 35 meters long and 8 meters high. It is also surmounted by a row of rifle hatches and a row of triangular balconies.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

The same materials of building the houses were used to build this fort, except that the walls of the castle are thicker than the walls of the houses.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

Clay was the first material used in construction with auxiliary materials such as stone, wood, reeds, papyrus and palm leaves.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

Between 2007 and 2008, the Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage supervised the implementation of the Al Jahili Fort conservation, restoration and development project.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

Today it contains a media center, a souvenir and maps shop, and a café.

Al Jahili Fort (1894) by Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin ShakhbutThe National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates

There are also two exhibition areas in the castle. One is used for temporary exhibitions and the other is used for the permanent exhibition and museum of the British traveler Mubarak bin London (Wilfried Thesiger), who crossed the Empty Quarter twice in the 1940s.

Al Jahili Fort, Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin Shakhbut, 1894, From the collection of: The National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates
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Al Jahili Fort, Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin Shakhbut, 1894, From the collection of: The National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates
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Al Jahili Fort, Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa bin Shakhbut, 1894, From the collection of: The National Library and Archives of the United Arab Emirates
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