Fu Shan (1607-1684), a thinker between Ming and Qing Dynasty. He had an original name called Dingchen, and his courtesy name was Qing Zhu. He later changed his courtesy name to Qingzhu (a different written character in Chinese with the same pronunciation), with another courtesy name as Gongta. He was born in Yang Qu, Shanxi Province. He wore vermilion clothes after the Ming Dynasty was overthrown, thus he gained a literary name as Zhuyidaoren (a Taoist prist who wears vermilion clothes). During the Kangxi Period in Qing Dynasty, he refused on death to attend the Imperial Exam especially held for Erudite Literatus, so that the Emperor entitled him as Zhongshusheren. Still, he gave up his position with the reason of his health problem. He had a good knowledge of classics, history, philosophy and Buddhism. He also wrote prose and poems, be good at painting, calligraphy and the study of ancient metal and stone, as well as Chinese medical science.