Fragmentary Neolithic standing female figurine

One of the oldest objects in the Getty Museum's collection, this standing female figure is one of many examples produced in northern Greece in the Neolithic Age. The oval head, with its slightly modeled nose and mouth, is attached to the body by a short, almost non-existent, neck. The arms appear to be folded at the breast and side, and the lower legs are missing. Rather than concentrating on facial characteristics and clearly articulating the neck, the artist paid considerable attention to those parts of the body associated with sexual reproduction. Incised lines are used to emphasize the prominent belly, navel, pubic triangle, full legs, and buttocks. She is an example of the so-called "steatopygous" figure type. The name derives from “steatopygia,” which is defined as an excessive development of fat on the lower body. Characterized by particularly full legs and buttocks, the type is probably indicative of fertility.

Very little is known about the meaning and function of Neolithic figures. They are frequently depicted squatting or seated with very schematic facial features. Incised or painted designs on some figurines may represent clothing, jewelry, or body parts. Whether male or female, the rendering of the body often accentuates the reproductive organs, and the exaggerated proportions of the hips and belly have been interpreted as fertility symbols. Similar types of figurines have been discovered in habitations, burials, and religious settings, and it is likely that such objects served more than one purpose. When buried beneath the floors of dwellings, they may have served as foundation offerings to safeguard the home and its occupants. Figurines in domestic settings could have served a social function, perhaps as objects for exchange, or even used as toys. Those found in graves or shrines may have been representations of humans or deities associated with fertility.