The ancient Chinese game of Mah Jongg enjoyed great popularity in the United States and Europe during the 1920s, when a set of rules by Charles Babcock became the normal rule set, simplified from the original Chinese version. The game's popularity waned, however, but it was kept alive by the National Mah Jongg League Incorporated, which was form by a group of mostly Jewish women in New York and other major cities. Eventually, that group formalized a different set of rules for playing the game, more in accordance with the original Chinese rules. E. S. Lowe produced a very inexpensive "beginners" Mah Jongg set in the mid -1970s, incorporating the League's improved rule book.
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