In the 19th century, the intent to improve the urban space was materialized in the project to level the Calçada das Virtudes, which connects the Virtudes Promenade and the old intramural city to the Virtudes fountain. The Avenue was also transformed into the Promenade in this period in order to answer the needs of the new Porto society, becoming a public garden closed off from the exterior, following other examples from the same century.