Beauty to Dust

Morishige's Nine Contemplations on the Impurity of the Human Body.

Prologue of the Nine Contemplations (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

The decomposition of a beautiful princess

The “nine contemplations”, crafted by
Morishige Kinugasa in the late 1600s, show a beautiful princess, followed
by the decomposition of her corpse. At the end, nothing remains. Each painting
is accompanied by a poem calligraphed in classical Chinese.

This print series stems from the
legacy of the Antwerp poet Max Elskamp (1862-1931). The seventh print is
unfortunately missing. 

The message here is: a body is just a temporary shell, and only the soul remains to be born again in a new form. Together with the Chinese verses, these illustrations helped monks meditate and chase away their earthly desires.

The princess whose body is shown gradually decomposing in the following illustrations is first depicted in festive attire.

First contemplation: The newly departed (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

FIRST CONTEMPLATION
The newly departed

Text (first contemplation: The newly departed) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

FIRST CONTEMPLATION
The newly departed

"Her accustomed colour in everyday life has faded during her illness, and her fragrant body, as if asleep, has the appearance of somebody who has just passed away. Loved ones and friends of old are left behind and are still here, but whereto has her soul at dusk flown away?

We see flowers that suddenly wither during the third month of spring and the leaf of life easily falls at a certain moment in autumn. Old age and youth really have no fixed boundaries. What comes later and what come earlier are hard to get away from, whether fast or slow."

Second contemplation : The swollen belly (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

SECOND CONTEMPLATION
The swollen belly

Text (second contemplation: The swollen belly) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

SECOND CONTEMPLATION
The swollen belly

"It is difficult to tell the name of the newly departed with swollen belly. It only appears after seven days. Her pretty complexion becomes sallow and loses its beauty. First her black hair falls out and the hairs attach themselves to the roots of the grass.

Her six intestines putrefy in what remains of the coffin and her four limbs, swollen and straight, are lying on the open plain. It is quiet on the open plain. Nobody accompanies her and alone she follows the road leading to Hades. Her soul is there."

Third contemplation : Blood-smeared (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

THIRD CONTEMPLATION
Blood-smeared

Text (third contemplation: Blood-smeared) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

THIRD CONTEMPLATION
Blood-smeared

"Her bones broken and her flesh to [in?] pieces she stays in the Northern Mang. Her appearance has changed inconceivably. Her rotted skin has come loose and shows a deep purplish blue colour. Purulent blood suddenly flows. It leads to the putrefaction of her intestines.

The world is unstable and appears and disappears like the sun. The body is impure. This becomes evident at this moment. From here relatives and friends have gone into the void. The soughing gusts of wind and the cool breeze seem to ask for clothing."

Fourth contemplation : Confused (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

FOURTH CONTEMPLATION
Confused

Text (fourth contemplation: Confused) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

FOURTH CONTEMPLATION
Confused

"Although washed by rinsing it with the waters of the sea, how could it be pure when reflecting on its confusion? White worms are wriggling darkly in her body. How numerous do the bluebottle flies fester on her flesh!

The wind carries the stench over a distance of two or three miles, and the moon shines upon her naked corpse during four or five watches. How sad are the new and old bones near the brushwood! As the years go by, one no longer knows their names."

Fifth contemplation : Devoured (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

FIFTH CONTEMPLATION
Devoured

Text (fifth contemplation: Devoured) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

FIFTH CONTEMPLATION
Devoured

"On the wide plains people are scarce. What is there? Wild beasts fighting for the corpse cannot be kept off. In the morning one sees the form of the swollen and rotting belly. In the evening one hears the howling of the tigers and wolves devouring it.

Hungry dogs bark and destroy the piled up earth. Greedy birds flock together after having left the woods of their villages. The high expectations of present-day life are a dream among dreams. Should one not be ashamed of it?"

Sixth contemplation : Blue-black (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

SIXTH CONTEMPLATION
Blue-black

Text (sixth contemplation: Blue-black) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

SIXTH CONTEMPLATION
Blue-black

"How depressing is it at the accumulated old graves! All colour has gone, but the joints remain linked. When the year is young the remaining flesh lies on the grass of spring. How blue-black are the remains of the skin in the evening wind!

On the places washed clean by the continuous autumn rains the bones are slowly uncovered. When once the morning sun will shine, it will pierce the skulls. These elements make them be wild things. Alas! For many kalpas they are sunk in the Yellow Springs."

Text (seventh contemplation: The remaining together of the white Bones) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

The seventh painting of the series Nine Contemplations is missing but the Chinese poem is still intact.

SEVENTH CONTEMPLATION
The remaining together of the whit bones

"Before one fundament decays it is very rotten, but when the five limbs are opposed to each other they destroy this body. A wine jar, empty and broken, still lies next to her pillow, and her threadbare clothes, just tidied away, decay to dust.

In former times she was a woman with a pink face who had gone to the imperial court. Now she is a person with white bones on the open plain. Whilst clouds and rain darken the moon above the plain, weeping people are keeping watch the whole night over the spirit of her corpse."

Eighth contemplation : The scattering of the Bones (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

EIGHT CONTEMPLATION
The scattering of the bones

Text (eighth contemplation: The scattering of the Bones) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

EIGHT CONTEMPLATION
The scattering of the bones

"Creeping herbs finally tie up her bones, although they are lonely and scattered. Scattered there and abandoned here, they are hard to find even when one is looking for them. Separated, nails and hair fill the open plain and the skull is rotting at the edge of a rock.

On rainy evenings, when it is cloudy in the West, it rots year after year. In stormy weather, when it is dark in the East, it everywhere goes to ruin. Suddenly it becomes earth on the plain of the Dragon Gate. One does not know to whom, disgraced or honoured, the coffin formerly belonged."

Ninth contemplation : The old graves (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

NINTH CONTEMPLATION
The old graves

Text (ninth contemplation: The old graves) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

NINTH CONTEMPLATION
The old graves

"The five aggregates may by nature all be empty, in their course and at their end, during his whole life one loves this person. Remaining at the burial mound, the mysterious soul flies in the moonlight of the night and having left the corpse the ignorant soul rustles in the autumn wind.

The name remains, without form, at the edge of the pine-clad hills. The bones turn to ashes in the grassy marsh. The inscriptions on the stones are obliterated and indistinct. At the graves of the ancients tears redden (the eyes)."

Text (epilogue) (1670 – 1680) by Morishige KinugasaMAS

Epilogue

The print series ends with a short poem in Japanese that emphasizes the impermanence of human existence.

Come visit the MAS in Antwerp to experience the enigmatic beauty of Morishige's Nine Contemplations.

Credits: Story

Thank you for viewing our virtual exhibit.
These drawings are part of the current MAS exhibit Life and Death

To plan your visit to the MAS, find all information at
www.mas.be/plan-your-visit

For more information on our collection, visit the MAS Collection Online at
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Translation of the Chinese texts by Charles Willemen.

Digital story composed by Polte De Weirdt.

© MAS, Antwerp

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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