Cosme Damián Churruca y Elorza (1761-1805)

Cosme Damián Churruca y Elorza was a Spanish scientist and sailor. He trained at the Royal Company of Midshipmen in Cádiz and Ferrol, where he studied mathematics. He later fought as a seaman in the Battle of Trafalgar, where he died.

Having taken part in various initiatives, he is a key figure in Spanish cartography. Captain Antonio de Córdova asked him to join his exploration of the Strait of Magellan, where he was responsible for astronomic and geographic studies. He carried out a reconnaissance of the Strait towards the Pacific and discovered an alternate route. Later, Spanish Navy Lieutenant General José de Mazarredo asked him and Joaquín Francisco Hidalgo to join the South American geographic expedition between 1792 and 1795, which aimed to produce a North American maritime atlas.

Nautical charts, diaries, and observations from Churruca's division were given to the Directorate of Hydrographic Studies pending the arrival of works by Fidalgo for joint publication. However, Churruca's charts were published thanks to the support of José de Espinosa y Tello, Head of the Directorate of Hydrographic Studies.

The piece was made around 1848.