Head of a Bearded Man

An older man with a short beard confronts the viewer with an intense gaze and furrowed brow. The head belongs to a larger category of portraiture that arose in the wake of Alexander the Great: portraits of Hellenistic rulers. Designed as propaganda to legitimize the ruler and emphasize dynastic connections, these portraits are often highly idealized images of their subjects, bearing an intentional similarity to each other. Yet, with the bump in his nose, his square jaw, and the folds between his cheek and mouth, this portrait captures this man's individuality. This head is all that remains of a larger than life-size, full-length portrait statue. The scale of the work implies that it was a public monument rather than a private commission. Sculptors in the Hellenistic kingdom of Pergamon frequently used such grayish marble. Since the figure does not wear a diadem, he cannot have been a ruler when the statue was erected. Yet, his scale and regal bearing clearly suggest that he is a member of a royal family, perhaps of Pergamon.