Kolkhoz projects

Transformation involved translation in the terminology – the Lithuanian farmers were translated into Soviet peasants (valstietis). Term farmer contradicted to official discourse as the term of peasant was related to nineteenth century pre-industrialized Lithuania and interwar twenty years of independence was aimed to be erased and rendered forgotten. So the peasants were moved to live close to the Kolkhoz, where they worked daily, were easy to be reached and exploited for labour and virtually every aspect of their everyday life was controlled at all times.
These structures of organizing the individuals into kolkhozes are based on a horizontal cooperation concept defined by Alexander Chayanov (1888-1939) where the farms are linked together by contracts and understood as basic production units. In this horizontal cooperation arrangement the farmers are tied together into communes with fixed assets of land.