In 1964, Parma celebrated the anniversary of the Resistance together with the Twentieth anniversary of the Republic: the manifesto designed by Franco Maria Ricci shows the influence pop-art and of artists such as Lucio del Pezzo. The bright colors of Parma's banner and the tricolor identify the town and the nation, while the cockade and the star, which interpret the style of pop signs, evoke the state as a central power.