Neu Vollkommenes Kräuter-Buch : Von allerhand Gewächsen der Bäumen, Stauden vnd Kräutern, die in Teutschland, Italien, Franckreich, vnd in andern Orten der Welt herfür kommen ... Erstlich An das Tagliecht gegeben von dem Hochgelehrten Herrn Petro Andrea Matthiolo. Darauff Mit vieleb schönen Figuren vnd andern nutzlichen Artzneyen, zum Vierten mal mit sonderbarem Fleiß außgefertiget, durch ... Ioachimvm Camerarivm. Jetzund aber Als ein neues Werck ... verbessert vnd vermehret Von Bernhardo Verzascha ...

Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501 – 1577) graduated as Doctor of Medicine in 1523 and entered the services of the Bishop of Trient in 1527; from 1539, he practised in the then Habsburg County of Gorizia, from where he was called to the Prague court by the later Emperor Ferdinand I. Mattioli was the physician inter-alia of Archduke Ferdinand II and Emperor Maximilian II.
He translated ancient scientific works into Italian, but became famous throughout Europe for his books on herbs, which were reprinted long after his death in numerous extended and commented editions. More than 32,000 copies in 60 editions were sold of his adaptation of De materia medica by the ancient doctor Dioscurides.
Mattioli was the first to publish and describe species such as the lilac, chestnut or tomato, under the name golden apple (p. 666).
The book of herbs was first revised extensively by the physician and botanist Joachim Camerarius (1534 – 1598); finally, the Basel physician Bernhard Verzascha (1627 – 1690) revised the present last German edition of Mattioli's book of herbs, adding inter-alia plants from the New World such as tobacco, coffee and tea.
This book of herbs with generally understandable descriptions of around 800 plants originates from the library of Prince Eugene and also contains an index in nine languages.