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Niagara

Frederic Edwin Church1857

National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
Washington, DC, United States

_Niagara_, located on the homeland of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), is among the greatest natural wonders of North America. Beginning in the late 17th century, the site became a popular but challenging subject for European artists. An ambitious painter, Church was sure he could capture the power and beauty of Niagara Falls.


In this view of the sweeping expanse of Horseshoe Falls, Church plunges us directly into the rushing water. His detailed painting combines frothing waves and water sheeting over rock surfaces. As one writer described the painting in 1857, “This is Niagara, with the roar left out!”

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  • Title: Niagara
  • Creator: Frederic Edwin Church
  • Date Created: 1857
  • Physical Dimensions: overall: 101.6 × 229.9 cm (40 × 90 1/2 in.) framed: 164.5 × 286.4 × 17.8 cm (64 3/4 × 112 3/4 × 7 in.)
  • Provenance: Sold 1857 by the artist to (Williams, Stevens & Williams, New York); forfeited to (Brown Brothers Bankers, New York); (sale, Exhibition to Benefit the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, Tiffany & Co., New York, December 1861);[1] purchased by John Taylor Johnston, New York; purchased 1876 by the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington; acquired 2014 by the National Gallery of Art. [1] Jeremy Elwell Adamson, “Frederic Edwin Church’s ‘Niagara’: The Sublime as Transcendence,” 3 vols., Ph.D. dissertation, University of Michigan, 1981, believes there to have been an as-yet unidentified owner between the Brown Brothers and Johnston, but cites no evidence for this claim beyond a letter from Church to MacLeod, 11 January 1877, which makes no such assertion. Adamson believed that _Niagara_ was purchased by this unidentified owner from the bank for $5,000. This is the amount Church believed Johnston paid for the painting.
  • Rights: CC0
  • Medium: oil on canvas
National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

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