Representations of Saint James in the Tumbo B

Page from the Tumbo B, the result of the archival project of Archbishop Berenguel de Landoria (along with the Tumbo C), which compiles royal privileges and papal diplomas across nearly 300 folios.
In the image, its only miniature, found on folio 2v and featuring the Apostle James. In the upper section, James is enthroned beneath Gothic architecture, holding a tau-shaped staff in his right hand and a scroll identifying him in his left. On either side stand his disciples, Theodore and Athanasius.
In the lower scene, James appears on a white horse, holding the reins and a banner with three scallop shells in his left hand, while wielding a sword with his right. At the horse’s feet lie the bodies and severed heads of several soldiers, clad in helmets and chainmail.