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Susanna

Domenico Tintorettoc. 1580s

National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
Washington, DC, United States

The story of the beautiful and chaste Susanna is recounted in Daniel 13. Two elders of Babylon lusted for Susanna, the wife of the priest Joachim. They spied upon her as she bathed, then threatened to falsely accuse her of adultery with another man unless she submitted to their advances. Although the subject can be interpreted as a parable of justice—Susanna is ultimately vindicated—artists of the period clearly favored the image of the nude Susanna at the bath for its sensual appeal.


The painting may have originally been part of a decorative ensemble of six biblical scenes that hung above a series of doors. The nude figure is stylistically comparable to those in other paintings that can be identified as Tintoretto studio products of the 1570s and 1580s. These nude figures can be distinguished from those by Jacopo Tintoretto (Venetian, 1518 or 1519 - 1594) himself, which show a more convincing sense of the figures’ underlying anatomy, as well as more varied and dynamic compositions. Here, _Susanna_ is a much simpler conception, focusing on the nude figure, with only the barest allusion to narrative elements in the two sketchy figures of the elders in the background.


The identification of different hands in the Tintoretto shop remains a challenge. Here, however, the maid’s facial type is one that appears regularly in paintings that can be associated with Domenico, Tintoretto’s son. The picture can thus provisionally be assigned to Domenico, working in his father’s studio.

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  • Title: Susanna
  • Creator: Domenico Tintoretto
  • Date Created: c. 1580s
  • Physical Dimensions: overall: 150.2 x 102.6 cm (59 1/8 x 40 3/8 in.) framed: 185.7 x 137.8 x 10.8 cm (73 1/8 x 54 1/4 x 4 1/4 in.)
  • Provenance: Probably Senator Lorenzo Dolfin [or Delfino, 1591-1663], Venice, by 1642.[1] George Oakley Fisher [1859-1933], Egremont House, Sudbury, England.[2] (David M. Koetser Gallery, London). (Count Alessandro Contini Bonacossi, Florence); sold June 1936 to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York;[3] gift 1939 to NGA. [1] In a passage first linked to the NGA painting by Wilhelm Suida (manuscript opinion in NGA curatorial files), Tintoretto's biographer Carlo Ridolfi wrote “Il Signor Lorenzo Delfino Senator ha … sei historie del vecchio testmento collocate sopra poste [presumed to be an error for “porte,” doors]; cioè …Susana nel giardino, & i due vecchi, che spuntano di lontano da un pergolato….” (“Senator Lorenzo Delfino has. . .six scenes from the Old Testament placed above doors; namely. . .Susanna in the garden, and the two old men, emerging in the distance from a pergola. . ."); _Vita di Giacopo Robusti detto il Tintoretto_, Venice, 1642: 72. The other subjects mentioned by Ridolfi as part of the ensemble were Adam and Eve, Hagar and the Angel, Lot and his Daughters, Abraham Sacrificing Isaac, and Ruth and Boaz. All seem to be lost. See also: Carlo Ridolfi, _Le maraviglie dell’arte, overo Le vite de gl’illustri pittori veneti, e dello Stato_, 2 vols., Venice, 1648: 2:45; Carlo Ridolfi, _Le maraviglie dell’arte, overo Le vite de gl’illustri pittori veneti, e dello Stato_ (Venice, 1648), edited by Detlev von Hadeln, 2 vols., Berlin, 1914-1924: 2(1924):54. If the painting described by Ridolfi is, as scholars believe, the NGA painting, it appears as item 45 of page 286 in a partition document dated 26 November 1655: "Tintoretto vecchio, Susana insediata da vicchi." See: The Getty Provenance Index Databases, Archival Inventories, no. I-3348 (Dolfin); and Linda Borean, "Appunti per una storia del collezionismo a Venezia nel Seicento: la pinacoteca di Lorenzo Dolfin," _Studi Veneziani_ 38 (1999): 259-291. [2] Fisher was a book collector and antiquarian; the NGA painting does not appear in the several sales of his collection held by his executors in London in 1934 (see NGA curatorial files). [3] The bill of sale for a group of paintings, including the Tintoretto, is dated 1 June 1936 (copy in NGA curatorial files). See also The Kress Collection Digital Archive, https://kress.nga.gov/Detail/objects/2025.
  • Rights: CC0
  • Medium: oil on canvas
National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

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