Hollow Horn Bear was a Brulé Lakota chief. He fought in many of the battles of the Sioux Wars, including the Battle of Little Big Horn.
Later, while serving as police chief of the Rosebud Indian Reservation, he arrested Crow Dog for the murder of Spotted Tail, and later testified in the case of Ex parte Crow Dog, argued before the Supreme Court of the United States. He was the chief Speaker and negotiator for the Lakota, making multiple trips to Washington, D.C. to advocate on their behalf. He later took part in the inaugural parades for both presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. He died of pneumonia in Washington in 1913 after the last of these trips.
Hollow Horn Bear was featured on a 1922 US postage stamp and a 1970 $10 Military Payment Certificate. Some sources record him as the basis for the image on the 1899 US five-dollar silver certificate and other depictions of Native Americans. A historical marker was erected in his honor in South Dakota in 1962.
In 2021 the Museum der Weltkulturen in Frankfurt, Germany, repatriated a leather shirt belonging to Chief Hollow Horn Bear, which it had legally acquired in the early 20th century.