Tanba is a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.
The modern city of Tamba was established on November 1, 2004, from the merger of all six towns of the former Hikami District: Aogaki, Ichijima, Kaibara, Kasuga, Sannan, and Hikami.
As of April 30, 2017, the city has an estimated population of 65,753 and a population density of 130 persons per km². The total area is 493.21 km².
Tanba is a very small city. Hikami is the biggest of the six towns which formed Tanba. Kuroi Castle is located in Kasuga. Tanba has many shrines, with the oldest being Hachiman shrine.