Life Through the Lens

When photography was invented around 170 years ago, it gave people the opportunity to record the world around them.

By Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery, Exeter City Council


Millions of photographs are stored in museums and archives.

Glass slides are not as permanent as people thought. It is easy to break them. Written labels, where they exist, become torn. Reference numbers are meaningless without their associated catalogues, which often no longer exist.


This leaves us with questions about the places they depict and the people behind and in front of the lens. Many of the images in this story were taken by local photographers William Weaver Baker and FR Rowley.

Magic Lantern Slide: Exeter Camera Club group, Stoke Woods (1924-04-15) by Alfred Oliver Rowden (1877-1960)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Field trip

Alfred Rowden was a keen amateur photographer and natural historian in Exeter. This photograph shows members of the Exeter Camera Club on a field trip to Stoke Woods, on the outskirts of Exeter.

Magic Lantern Slide: In the Dark Room (Artificial light photograph) (1900) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

In the darkroom

This image is probably of William Weaver Baker himself. It is a black and white image which was printed onto a red-tinted lantern plate to give the red effect. This is a very unusual historic image recording part of the photographic process.

Magic Lantern Slide: Sheep Shearing Contest, 1st Prize Winner -- Mr Ayers' Farm, Black Dog (1938-06-20) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Prize-winning sheep shearer

This image shows farmers at work in the mid-Devon village of Black Dog. Even though it was taken at a time of social change before the Second World War, it shows a scene familiar to modern farmers.

Magic Lantern Slide: Frozen River Exe (1916/1936) by W. A. Walburn (1871-1963)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Frozen River Exe

The freezing of the River Exe was a memorable occasion in the city, and perhaps provided some small distraction from the horrors of the First World War.

Magic Lantern Slide: Morning dip (1900) by James LandersRoyal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Morning dip

This image raises more questions than answers. Are the boys washing or playing a game? Where and why was this photograph taken? Without any surviving records about the photograph these questions are likely to remain unanswered.

Magic Lantern Slide: Church of England Temperance Society Band of Hope group by Exeter Cathedral (1937) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Band of Hope

This photographic slide shows a Band of Hope group gathering outside Exeter Cathedral. The Band of Hope were an organisation which promoted abstinence from alcohol, and specifically targeted children in the hope they would shape their futures without alcohol.

Magic Lantern Slide: Old parish registers damaged by damp, etc. (1900) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Old parish registers damaged by damp

The title and topic of this slide suggests Baker was interested in preservation of historic objects, and this photograph is an early example of the topic of object conservation.

Magic Lantern Slide: Gallery with display of lantern slides (1930) by Royal Albert Memorial MuseumRoyal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Display at RAMM

Museums have recognised photography as a useful method of display for many years. This image shows a RAMM gallery about 80 years ago. In the foreground is a display of glass plate slides of Devon stone crosses, carefully back-lit to enable visitors to see them.

Magic Lantern Slide: Newlyn Fishing Boats (1900) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Newlyn fishing boats

This records a typical South West industry of the time. It raises questions about fishing and the practice of photography. Does the picturesque setting reflect the reality of the fishermen’s lives? Where was the photographer situated?

Magic Lantern Slide: Seaside fun, Exmouth (1908/1937) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Seaside fun, Exmouth

Images like this remind us that photography as an art form has not evolved in isolation. The setting and composition of this image is similar to many Impressionist and post-Impressionist paintings which were produced in the same era as this photograph.

Magic Lantern Slide: Man standing by the Long Stone, Shovel Down (1910) by TA Falcon (attributed photographer)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Dartmoor

This is one in a series of glass slides recording archaeological sites on Dartmoor. Sadly neither the location of the archaeology or the name of the photographer was recorded. The images are thought to date from the early 20th century.

Magic Lantern Slide: Photograph of parlour of Weaver Baker's house (1911) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Photograph of parlour of Weaver Baker's house

Many historic photographs record important events or places of historic interest, yet this image records a domestic scene of a room in a house. Despite its apparent familiarity it remains a mystery as no records survive of where or when this photograph was taken.

Magic Lantern Slide: Woman standing in doorway, Henfield Row (1863/1924) by John H Crabtree (1863-1924)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Woman standing in doorway, Henfield Row

It is perhaps possible to guess the motive behind this image – recording a scene of daily life. Today it provides a glimpse into the realities of this woman’s world. We do not know who she was, where or when she lived. We can only guess why she waits in the doorway.

Magic Lantern Slide: On the way to Lynton (1908/1937) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

On the way to Lynton

This photograph is from a series recording a family holiday to Lynton and Lynmouth. It shows part of the narrow gauge railway between Lynton and Barnstaple, which operated between 1898-1935.

Magic Lantern Slide: Madge (1933-08) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Madge

This image shows a woman sitting on grass in what appears to be a garden. The subject is probably Nancie Madge Platten (1898-1971) of Leicester, England, who was the niece of the photographer's wife Lilly.

Magic Lantern Slide: Autochrome by Geka flashlight (1911) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Autochrome by Geka flashlight

Weaver Baker was interested in the process of photography and experimented with different techniques, including the early use of colour photography like this image. The woman is thought to be his wife Lilly Burgess Baker.

Magic Lantern Slide: Portrait of Australian soldier (1911) by UnknownRoyal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Portrait of Australian Soldier

A first world war photograph of a soldier in his uniform. The insignia on his cap and shoulders tell us he was in the Australian Imperial Force, but we do not know his name, whether he survived the war, or why we have his photograph in the museum’s collection.

F.R. Rowley Esq. FRMS

This image by William Weaver Baker is unusual as it shows another cameraman in action. The man in the photograph is Frederick Richard Rowley (1868-1939) who was curator of RAMM between 1902 and 1934.

Magic Lantern Slide: After tea at Myrtleberry (1911) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

After tea at Myrtleberry

This image by William Weaver Baker shows a group of people sat at a table with a tea pot. It is likely the man at the back of the group may be Weaver Baker himself and the woman sitting to his left is probably his wife Lilly Burgess Baker.

Magic Lantern Slide: Peat-cutter's cart, Dartmoor (1924/1941) by Alfred Oliver Rowden (1877-1960)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Peat-cutter’s cart, Dartmoor

Alfred Rowden was a keen amateur photographer and natural historian in Exeter. He often gave talks at local field clubs, illustrated with magic lantern slides. He recorded scenery and wildlife specimens around Devon, but occasionally photographed local people and culture too.

Magic Lantern Slide: The Political Dog (1900) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

The political dog

The sign attached to the dog reads ‘Vote for Crawley’. The lack of information recorded on the slide makes the date and location of this scene unknown. It possibly relates to Baron Frederick Crawley who was MP for Prestwich from the late nineteenth century until 1918.

Magic Lantern Slide: Cat study no. 6 (Christmas card) (1900) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Cat study number 6: Christmas

This image is a reminder of the person behind the camera – their interests and sense of humour. It is part of a set entitled ‘Cat study’. Further series by the same photographer include ‘Kitten study’ and ‘Dog study’.

Magic Lantern Slide: Sunset at Exmouth (1908/1937) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Sunset, Exmouth

This is one of three images from a series bearing the same title, and possibly captured in the same evening.

Magic Lantern Slide: Sunset, Exmouth (1908/1937) by William Weaver Baker (1866-1954)Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Sunset, Exmouth

Magic Lantern Slide: Sunset Exmouth (1911-09) by UnknownRoyal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Sunset, Exmouth

As individual images they are picturesque, but taken together they show the photographer experimenting to create the ‘perfect’ romantic image.

Magic Lantern Slide: Lorna Doone moored at Ilfracombe (1891/1896) by UnknownRoyal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Lorna Doone moored at Ilfracombe

The destination board states she is heading for Weston-Super-Mare and Newport (Wales). It is one of the earliest photographic images in RAMM’s collection and was taken at a time when leisure time and travel were becoming more common for the working classes.

Magic Lantern Slide: Grampus Griseus; E side of Straight Point near Exmouth (1908-11-06) by F.R. RowleyRoyal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Grampus Griseus; E side of Straight Point near Exmouth

F.R. Rowley was a Curator at RAMM and a keen amateur photographer. Here he records a dolphin washed up on a beach in Devon. He subsequently brought the dolphin to the museum and its skeleton was taken into the Natural History collection.

Magic Lantern Slide: Exterior of RAMM (1905/1923) by UnknownRoyal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery

Exterior of RAMM

The outside of the museum is recorded here during a time of rapid social change, typified with a motor car on the left of the picture and a horse and cart at the right. The ‘ghost’ figures are a result of the technology which required long exposure times to capture the image.

Credits: Story

When this exhibition was shown in the galleries at RAMM, it was produced in house with help from many people.

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.

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