Chinese rubbings

Ancient tradition of beauty and art

Bambù presso una roccia (XX Secolo)Museo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Their tradition has no known origin, but it is likely that the practice of reproducing in ink on paper philosophical or religious texts engraved on stone slabs began in the first centuries of our era. They were used first for Confucian texts and then for Taoist and Buddhist works.

Roccia e Bambù (XX Secolo) by Periodo RepubblicanoMuseo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Rock and bamboo

By placing a damp sheet of paper and tapping it with an ink-soaked pad, once removed, the painting/subject will appear in white on a black background or in black on a white background, in case the inscription or painting is embossed.

Tempio di Wo Long Gang (XX Secolo) by Periodo RepubblicanoMuseo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Shaolin, monastery of meditation

Among the rubbings, the most common subjects are characters from the Taoist and Buddhist repertoire, animals, often used in burial tombs, reproductions of sacred Chinese mountains, monasteries or pictorial subjects, made from engravings on stone slabs.

Bodhidharma attraversa il Fiume Azzurro (XX Secolo) by Periodo RepubblicanoMuseo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Bodhidharma

There are many rubbings with sacred figures, such as the Bodhidharma, revered as the first patriarch of the Chinese Buddhist tradition. He was an Indian monk often represented with a reed, as he crosses the Blue River to evoke its supernatural powers.

Bodhidharma attraversa il Fiume Azzurro particolare (XX Secolo)Museo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

The Bodhidharma, as it appears in our rubbing, is also often represented with a shoe hanging from a stick, to recall a legend that 3 years after his death, he was seen walking in Central Asia returning to India with only one shoe.

Shouxing (XX Secolo) by Periodo RepubblicanoMuseo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Shouxing 

In Taoism Shouxing represents long life. He’s an old man with a white beard and mustache, supported by a knotted staff. The knots express longevity and often alongside him appear a deer, another symbol of long life, and a young man fishing for immortality.

Ritratto di Zhong Kui (XIX - XX Secolo) by Dinastia QingMuseo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Zhong Kui "demon chasing demons"

The demon Zhong Kui was a scholar, who failed the imperial exam and committed suicide, but a century later, he appeared in a dream to Emperor Xuanzhong to protect him by driving out another demon. He wears a literary hat, black boots, and carries a book and a lyre.

Ritratto di Confucio (XIX - XX Secolo) by Dinastia QingMuseo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Portrait of Confucius

Confucius is represented in one of the largest rubbings in the Museum, 192x160 cm, entitled “Effigy of the Supreme Master.” In the painting made by Yun Li of the Qing Dynasty, the master wears the hat of the scholar, pierced from side to side by a nail.

Neve perenne sul Taibai (XX Secolo)Museo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

The sacred mountains were identified as empowered places and seats of divine beings. Their particular conformation, facing the sky and the isolation they favored, made them the ideal place for self-awareness according to Taoist and Buddhist traditions.

Le cinque montagne sacre del Taoismo (XX Secolo)Museo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

The 5 peaks

In Taoism, 5 mountains are the abodes of the gods and protectors of the earth. To guide and protect pilgrims, maps were created with talismanic symbols that captured the "true shape" of the mountain itself, the one not visible to the profane, capable of radiating its magic.

Tempio di Wo Long Gang (XX Secolo) by Periodo RepubblicanoMuseo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Wo Long Gang temple

A view of the Temple of Wo Long Gang "the hill of the sleeping dragon".
The buildings, which are surrounded by walls constitute the home of Zhuge Liang, are to be found at the top of a hill.

Drago e tigre (XX Secolo)Museo d'Arte Cinese ed Etnografico

Dragon and tiger

The often-represented animals are the dragon that indicates the east, the red bird for the south, the tiger of the west and the xuanwu of the north, which is a snake wrapped around a turtle. The Dragon and the Tiger became symbols of Yang and Yin, the principles underlying all phenomena.

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