The museum's sculpture collection was based on Amon G. Carter's personal collection, which included over 100 sculptures by Frederic Remington and Charles M. Russell in materials ranging from bronze,
to wax and plaster.
In its first decade of operation the Amon Carter actively began collecting a broader range of American sculpture. Today, the collection features works by Augustus Saint-Gaudens,
Bessie Potter Vonnoh,
Daniel Chester French,
Hiram Powers,
Elie Nadelman,
and Louise Nevelson.