- MONGOLIA 17th - 20th CENTURIES
For about 200 years, from the 17th to the beginning of the 20th century, Mongolia was under the dominion of Manchu rule (Qing Dynasty)
Silver Seal
18th – early 20th century
This is one of the seals used to legitimise documents of Mongolian lords during the Manchu Dynasty. This seal has a tiger-shaped handle and square base. Three sides of the base are written in Chinese, the other side written in Manchurian script. The two sides of the tiger figure have Mongolian and Manchurian writing describing it as the “rule seal of Khalkh’s northern road western sub-provinces.” The seal had been kept by the sub-province until it was transferred to the Academy of Linguistics.
Stele of Toono Mountain Stone
120 x 40 cm
1696
This stele was located at Toono Mountain in Dashbalbar sum of Khentii province, and in early 1960 it was transferred to the ‘state central museum’. In 1696, the Manchu King Kangxi had won a battle against Galdan Boshigt Khan and created the stele to memorialise his victory. After battling for many years with Galdan Boshigt Khan, he finally occupied the whole of Mongolia. On the stele are carved seven lines in Chinese.
Seal
Gilded steel
9 x 4.7 x 4.7 cm
9th - 20th centuries
This seal is decorated with a lotus, a dragon with fire, some fish on the handle and inlaid turquoise on the bottom. Also on the base of the seal are four lines in square script. As translated into Mongolian, they mean: this is Zasagt Khan Tserebaldir’s seal and successful victory. In the first half of the 18th century, the Manchus gave Zasagt Khan Tserenbaldir this seal in honour of his winning side in the the Zuungar State.
Black banner of Lord Chingunjav
Horse tail, wood, silk
17th century
This black banner was used as symbol of a war. It is made of horses’ tails. On the top of the banner is a skull shape. The banner belonged to Chingunjav, who was Lord of the Khalkh Mongols. He was also head of Khotgoid’s government and the main leader of the armed uprising in 1755 - 1758 against Manchurian control. He staunchly continued the struggle but was caught by Manchus and executed in 1758. His black banner was kept in his motherland and transferred to the museum in the 1950s.
