Christian Friedrich Hornschuch

The botanist responsible for the mosses in Flora Brasiliensis

By CRIA - Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental

Talita Dewes, Juçara Bordin & Olga Yano

Fountain, Market Square, Bad Rodach (2011) by StörfixOriginal Source: Wikimedia Commons

Biography

Christian Friedrich Hornschuch was born on August 21, 1793, in Bad Rodach, Bavaria, Germany. Following the footsteps of his father, who was a pharmacist, he began studying Pharmacy at age 15 and later turned his focus to Botany and Chemistry.

Interest in nature

From a young age, he was interested in nature, especially the lush trees of his homeland. This deep interest led him to base his scientific career on the care and promotion of Botany.

David Hoppe - Hornschuch mentor by Museums of the city of RegensburgOriginal Source: Regensburg.de

Meeting his mentor

In 1813, he moved to the city of Regensburg where he became an assistant to David Heinrich Hoppe (1970-1846), his main mentor in botanical training. In 1818, he became a botanical demonstrator at the University of Greifswald, where he held the position for two years.

Berlin Botanical Garden (2011) by Paul VanDerWerfOriginal Source: Wikimedia Commons

Building his legacy

In 1819, he traveled to Berlin, where he met Christian Gottfried Nees von Esenbeck, one of his main collaborators. At the herbarium of the Berlin Botanical Museum, he organized the mosses left by Carl Ludwig Willdenow, one of the institution's most important collections.

Christian Friedrich Hornschuch by Unknown authorOriginal Source: Wikimedia Commons

Academic career

In 1820, he was appointed associate professor of natural history and director of the botanical gardens at the University of Greifswald. In 1827, he became a tenured professor and, in 1836, assumed the role of university president.

Book Bryologia GermanicaOriginal Source: Antikvariant

Swiss and German bryophytes

Hornschuch specialized in the field of bryology and, together with the naturalist Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776-1858) and the engraver Jacob Sturm (1771-1848), co-authored Bryologia Germanica (1823–31), an important volume on the mosses of Germany and Switzerland.

Book Diary of a trip to the coasts of the Adriatic Sea and the mountains, Original Source: Google Books
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Book Commentary on Voitia and Systylium, new genera of leafy mosses, Original Source: Google Books
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Book Some observations on the origin and transformations of the lower vegetable organisms, Original Source: AbeBooks
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Hornschuch also translated various Danish and Swedish works and was the author of the publications Diary of a Journey to the Edge of the Adriatic Sea (1818); Commentary on Voitia e Systylium, Two New Types of Leafy Moss (1818); Some Observations on the Origin and Transformation of Lower Plants (1819); and Beetles Collected [...] Especially in the Alps (1825).

Foundation of the Regensburg Botanical SocietyOriginal Source: REGENSBURGISCHE BOTANISCHE GESELLSCHAFT

Botanical Society and Flora Magazine

With the support of his mentor Hoppe, Hornschuch was one of the founders of Flora, the scientific journal of the Botanical Society of Regensburg. Among the most illustrious members of this society were Johann von Goethe, Alexander von Humboldt, and Carl Friedrich von Martius.

Flora Brasiliensis: Vol. I, Part II, Fasc. 1 Column 0CRIA - Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental

Hornschuch and Flora Brasiliensis

The chapter on mosses in Flora Brasiliensis was published in 1840. In this work, Hornschuch identified 146 species of moss from Brazil, based on specimens collected by Martius and other renowned European botanists, such as Beyrich, Raddi, and Sellow.

Vol. VII, Fasc. 17 Plate 7 (1856-03-15)CRIA - Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental

Botanical tributes

In 1821, the botanist Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck named a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Annonaceae family in honor of Hornschuch. This genus, called Hornschuchia, includes about ten species of trees and shrubs that are found only in Brazil.

Brachymenium hornschuchianum Mart. by Carl Friedrich Philipp von MartiusOriginal Source: von Martius, C.F.P.: Icones plantarum cryptogamicarum, Impensis auctoris, Monachii, 1828-1834.

In 1834, the great botanist von Martius named a species of moss in honor of Hornschuch. The samples of the Brachymenium hornschuchianum Mart. were collected by Martius on his journey across Brazil.

Credits: Story

Research and text: Talita Dewes (UFRGS), Juçara Bordin (UERGS), Olga Yano (Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo)
Display Fernando B. Matos (CRIA)
Editing: Fernando B. Matos (CRIA) & Luiza F. A. de Paula (UFMG)
References: Flora Brasiliensis (http://florabrasiliensis.cria.org.br/opus); Journey through Brazil (https://www2.senado.leg.br/bdsf/handle/id/573991); Icones Plantarum Cryptogamicarum (https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/16100)
Additional information: http://florabrasiliensis.cria.org.br/stories
Acknowledgements: To the owners of the images, who kindly shared their files.

*All efforts were made to credit the images, sound, and videos and correctly account for the episodes narrated in the exhibits. In case of errors and/or omissions, please contact us at: contato@cria.org.br

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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