“It was an exciting period; we
all felt like pioneers. Nobody knew where we were going, however, we were
convinced it would lead to something.”
That
the experiments of those pioneers, as remarked by Glen Tetley, unfolded into
“something” is without peer and without question.[1] The group of sixteen
classically trained dancers had gradually grown into an established company with
a modern style and vision. Pointe work, still quite prominent in early
performances of the company, slowly faded to the background of the
repertoire.[2] What remained, however, was an amalgam of classical and modern
techniques, and, moreover, a spirit to go against the grain. Something, an
inheritance, that is continuing to pass from generation to generation.
Different
generations
This decade is marked by the interplay of farewell, return and rise between different generations. Jiří Kylián had created his ‘Mémoires d'Oubliettes’ (2009), his last work as resident choreographer – a position he had held for 35 years – and, moreover, decided to take a distance from the company in 2013. Meanwhile, another generation was ready to continue the legacy of the company.[3] After being introduced to the company during the eighties, first as dancers and quickly as a choreographic duo, Sol León and Paul Lightfoot were invited to become house choreographers in 2002. While León & Lightfoot both pursued their career as dancers, they turned, in the years 2003 and 2008 respectively, to fully devote themselves to choreography. Lightfoot was subsequently appointed artistic director in 2011 – with León officially on his side as artistic advisor from 2012 onwards and Anders Hellström appointed as artistic curator in 2013.[4]
As a choreographic duo, León & Lightfoot had built a rich repertoire characterised by a powerful, yet intimate aesthetic. In 2014 the couple celebrated their 25th anniversary as choreographers with two Dutch programmes and several of their pieces travelling around the world – to China, Russia and the United States among others. NDT 2 staged ‘Sad Case’ (1998), ‘Subject to Change’ (2003), ‘Schubert’ (2014), and ‘Some other Time’ (2014) – a programme in which the choreographers laid bare the vulnerability of human beings, as well as their own personal struggles. At the same time, NDT 1 re-staged ‘Sehnsucht’ (2009) and ‘Schmetterling’ (2010).[5] This double bill had already travelled around the globe, and would, following the attention of the international press, provide the audience with a sublime exploration of love, loss and memory, and with movements which resembled “crystals in a kaleidoscope”.[6] The ballets of León & Lightfoot, furthermore, distinguish themselves by a significant relationship with the minimalistic scores of Philip Glass and Max Richter. After creating several pieces on their musical pieces both composers were invited to collaborate with them; Glass for what became Swan Song (2010) and Richter for ‘Singulière Odyssée’ (2017) – a ballet dedicated to the extraordinary person Gérard Lemaître, who sadly passed away in 2016.
Interweaving circles of artists
Those artistic encounters can be considered a continuation of a long line of collaborations. Since its founding moment, NDT has been part of interweaving circles of artists – dancers, musicians, painters, designers, architects who inspired choreographers, and vice versa, as well as collaborated with them to create the pieces on stage. During the early years of the company those artists were predominantly embedded within the Dutch (neo-)avant garde movement. These included Cobra artists as Constant Nieuwenhuijs and Anton Rooskens who designed decors and costumes for Jaap Flier’s ‘Het Proces’ (1955).[7] But also, artists from the New Hague School as George Lampe, Roger Chailloux and Co Westerik – the latter designed a beautiful décor for Hans van Manen’s ‘Opus Twaalf’ (1964).[8]
The repertoire of Van Manen, moreover, reveals a long list of renowned artists as Carel Willink, Jean-Paul Vroom, Benno Premsela, Nicolaas Wijnberg, Bob Bonies and, of course, Keso Dekker.[9] From the seventies onwards this list reveals a more international orientation. Paul Thek, for example, who created the costumes and decors for Glen Tetley’s ‘Arena’ (1970), or Donald Evans who created a series of his famed hand-painted postage stamps after watching Louis Falco’s ‘Journaal’ (1972).[10] And, of course, the many artists creating together with Jiří Kylián: William Katz; John Macfarlane; Michael Simon; Atsushi Kitagawara; Yoshiki Hishinuma; and Susumu Shingu.[11] Last but not least, the Dutch artist Walter Nobbe who created the exquisite costumes and decors of over thirty productions.[12]
For one thing, these artistic collaborations reveal that the past is connected to the future by many fine-spun threads – threads that cannot be captured by words, or words alone, but are enhanced by the stage experience. During this decade the company explored the possibilities of this stage experience by bringing its repertoire to unexpected locations. For example, León & Lightfoot’s ‘School of Thought’ (2013) or Ohad Naharin’s re-staging in 2018 of ‘The Hole’ (2013) – both breaking the gap between the auditorium and stage of Lucent Dans Theater; or León & Lightfoot’s site-specific work ‘Spiritwalking’ (2014) originally created for the Holland Festival in the old Market Halls in Amsterdam – with a new composition of Philip Glass performed by the spellbinding Kronos Quartet.[13] Other works, such as Alexander Ekman’s ‘Cacti’ (2011) and Johan Inger’s ‘I New Then’ (2012), were staged in an old building of the Dutch newspaper Trouw in Amsterdam.[14] Moreover, NDT brought its ballets straight into the homes of people with television broadcastings of MEZZO – among others of ‘Garden’ (2016) by Medhi Walerski, ‘Stop-Motion’ (2014) by León & Lightfoot and ‘Short Cut’ (1999) by Hans van Manen.[15]
The
repertoire
The repertoire of those last ten years were, furthermore, marked by other chorographers bringing their own collaborations on stage. Crystal Pite’s intensely sharp and theatrical ‘Solo Echo’ (2012), ‘Parade’ (2013) and ‘The Statement’ (2016); or the poetry of Marco Goecke’s fast and hypnotizing movements in ‘Thin Skin’ (2015), ‘Midnight Raga’ (2017) and ‘Wir Sagen uns Dunkles’ (2018). But also, new choreographers: Sharon Eyal and Gai Behar bringing destructive movements on the immersive techno scores of Ori Lichtik in ‘Sara’ (2013), ‘Bedroom Folk’ (2015) and ‘Salt Womb’ (2016); Hofesh Shechter and his folkloristic idiom of distressing narratives in ‘Clowns’ (2016) and ‘VLADIMIR’ (2018); the world of wariness in Edward Clug’s ‘mutual comfort’ (2015) and ‘Proof’ (2017); or the puzzling absurdism of the nearly supernatural trilogy ‘Adrift’ by Gabriela Carrizo and Franck Chartier ‘The missing door’ (2013), ‘The lost room’ (2015), ‘The hidden floor’ (2017). Last, but not least, Medhi Walerski’s ‘Aureum’ (2015), ‘Garden’ (2016) and ‘Chambers’ (2012) – a reflection on Stravinsky’s ‘Le Sacre du Printemps’ together with composer Joby Talbot.
The season celebrating the company’s 60th anniversary will expand on those many threads by bringing back old masters as Hans van Manen and Jiří Kylián, while also presenting a collaborative programme of León & Lightfoot together with the above-mentioned associate choreographers Crystal Pite and Marco Goecke. It will, moreover, continue to reinforce its international character by bringing its ballets once again to stages all over the world; little bits of magic performed over those ten years by remarkable artists as Jorge Nozal, Roger van der Poel, Menghan Lou, Prince Credell, Olivier Coëffard, César Faria Fernandes, Marne van Opstal, Myrthe van Opstal, Sarah Reynolds, Ema Yuasa, Aram Hasler, Chloé Albaret, Meng-Ke Wu – and many many others. All the while, the company has been facing major changes, of which the new building, shared with the Residentie Orkest and the Royal Conservatory, might be considered the biggest. An old and familiar mesh expanded by new and challenging threads.
[1] Glen Tetley in ‘Dans Theater maakte school’, jubilee publication 25 years Nederlands Dans Theater, season 1983/1984.[2] It would, however, sporadically reappear – Jiří Kylián’s ‘Stepping Stones’ (1993) and the re-staging of William Forsythe’s ‘workwithinwork’ (1998), Mats Ek’s ‘Sleeping Beauty’ (2014) or several Hans van Manen ballets. See: Wouter Hos, ‘Spitzen’, NDT Magazine, nr. 20, 2000.
[3] Annette Embrechts, ‘De humor ontbreekt bij afscheid Kylián’, De Volkskrant, October 30, 2009; Francine van der Wiel, ‘NDT’s afscheid van Jiří Kylián’, NRC Handelsblad, September 27, 2013.
[4] Therewith, Lightfoot succeeded Jim Vincent who had occupied this position for two years after Anders Hellström resigned as artistic director in 2009. As mentioned above, Hellström returned in 2013 and remained as artistic curator and producer until September 2019.
[5] Programme 25 years León & Lightfoot, ‘Score and Five’, season 2014/2015, NDT 2; Programme ‘Sehnsucht’ – ‘Schmetterling’, season 2014/2015, NDT 1.
[6] Andrew Boynton, ‘Nederlands Dans Theater: Another World’, The New Yorker, April 22, 2013.
[7] ‘Het Proces’ was actually created for Sonia Gaskell’s Nederlands Ballet in 1955. It premiered in 1961 with Nederlands Dans Theater. See: W.B., ‘Nederlands Ballet geeft een experimentele avond’, Algemeen Handelsblad, Januari 21, 1955; V.d.V. ‘Twee premières van Nederlands Danstheater’, De Telegraaf, April 7, 1961.
[8] George Lampe designed the costumes and decors for Jaap Flier’s Thanatos (1962), while Roger Chailloux worked together with both Jaap Flier and Benjamin Harkarvy on several productions.
[9] For example, Carel Willink in ‘Kain and Abel’ (1961); Benno Premsela in ‘Voet bij Stuk’ (1962); Nicolaas Wijnberg in ‘Essay in Stilte’ (1965); Bob Bonies in ‘Squares’ (1969); Jean-Paul Vroom in ‘Situation’ (1970); Keso Dekker – who designed many of Van Manen’s costumes and sets from ‘Dumbarton Oaks’ (1978) onwards.
[10] Willy Eisenhart, The World of Donald Evans (Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1980).
[11] This list is not exhaustive, but comprises many collaborations for instance William Katz – ‘Symphony of Psalms’ (1978); John McFarlane – ‘L’enfant et les Sortileges’ (1984); Michael Simon – ‘Kaguyahime’ (1988); Atsushi Kitagawara – ‘One of a Kind’ (1998); Yoshiki Hishinuma – ‘Arcimboldo 2000’ (2000); Susumu Shingu – ‘Toss of a Dice’ (2005). [12] Anne Chris Eikelboom, ‘Een doodstil roze’, Bericht aan de NDT vrienden, nr. 46, 1992.
[13] Spiritwalking was re-staged in 2016 at the Westergasfabriek, this time with a performance by the Ragazze Quartet.
[14] The programme containing these ballets was called MOTUS and was staged three times in 2013. It enabled the audience to experience the repertoire of Nederlands Dans Theater in an intimate setting and, moreover, in conjunction with other innovative (dance) collectives of the Netherlands.
[15] Again, the company continued old lines. During the sixties Joes Odufré had made several video recordings for the Dutch VPRO.
For further reading we recommend ‘Nederlands Dans Theater | 60’. This book is published on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of NDT and comprises the personal stories of sixty people aligned to the company, next to the abovementioned text.
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