A Peek into Chettiar Heritage

The entrepreneurial community from South India that patronised a rich legacy of architecture, design, and homegrown crafts

Dastkari Haat Samiti

Dastkari Haat Samiti

Chettiar Crafts: Aachis - the original basket weaversDastkari Haat Samiti

The Chettiars

The Chettiars are a successful trading and entrepreneurial community, mostly concentrated in the south of India. Their heritage has been shaped by their exposure to the world through trade and migration over a long period of time. Their patronage gave birth to Athangudi tiles, a homegrown craft. It was a local solution to the European origin tiles that the prosperous trading community favoured.

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar Mansion (Early 20th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

The Chettiars are also known for the palatial mansions they built seamlessly using wooden pillars, Japanese tiles, Italian marble and imported stained glass.

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar Mansion (Late 19th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

The architectural legacy of the Chettiars

The architectural heritage of the Chettiars is a manifestation of their syncretic aesthetic.

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar Mansion (Late 19th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

The massive mansions are known for their pillared halls with tiled floors and ceilings.

Chettiar Crafts: A Chettiar mansion (Early 20th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

Wealth earned from trade and business abroad is used to create artistic mansions back home.

Chettiar Crafts: A Chettiar mansion (2017)Dastkari Haat Samiti

Chettiar mansions are large and imposing structures with high boundary walls.

Chettiar Crafts: A Chettiar Mansion (Late 19th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

Public outer spaces are a display of wealth and international influence, replete with imported materials and ornamentations.

Chettiar Crafts: A Chettiar mansion (2017)Dastkari Haat Samiti

Balusters and building fronts incorporate elements of both Indian and foreign styles.

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar mansion (Early 20th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

European colonnade-style corridors flank a central courtyard, an innately Indian feature in this Chettiar mansion.

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar mansion (Early 20th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

The mansions have large pillared courtyards and halls flanked by multiple rooms, high ceilings, decorated walls and floors.

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar Mansion (Late 19th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

Tile making by the Chettiars

The Chettiars imported tiles to decorate their mansions, later initiating the craft of tile making locally. 

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar Mansion (Early 20th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

The pillared halls are given a dramatic flourish, with carefully chosen furniture and geometric-tiled floors.

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar mansion (Early 20th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

In this picture, tiles are used in the ceiling of a hall. The Chettiars imported tiles to decorate their mansions. But they soon realised that the repairs of these imported tiles were very expensive due to the non-availability of the spares.

This enterprising community then set up a cottage industry that made replicas of the imported tiles.

Chettiar Crafts: Inside a Chettiar Mansion (Late 19th century)Dastkari Haat Samiti

The traditional artisans, who built and decorated the mansions, brought to them their own skills and aesthetic.

The resulting style was an energetic combination of Indian and foreign elements and sensibilities as seen on the tiles in this image.

Chettiar Crafts: At the tile workshop (2017)Dastkari Haat Samiti

Read more about Chettiar crafts here:
- Athangudi Tiles
- Kottan Baskets

New Directions
Credits: Story

Text: Aloka Hiremath, Jaya Jaitly
Photography: Chirodeep Chaudhuri
Artisans: Lakshmi Tile House, Ganapathy Tile House and M.Rm.Rm Cultural Foundation
Documentary Video: Chirodeep Chaudhuri
Ground Facilitator: Shalini Shashi
Curation: Ruchira Verma

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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