The ideas presented in this essay and helped to inspire a wider cultural and political shift in Brazil. A year later, in 1968, the Tropicália movement was epitomized by the album, Tropicália ou Panis et Circencis (misspelled Latin for Bread and Circuses) an by musicians Caetano Veloso, Gilerto Gil (ex-Minister of Culture, known as the “hacker minister”), Maria Bethânia, Gal Costa, Os Mutantes, Tom Zé, Nara Leão, Torquato Neto, and Rogério Duprat.