1947 Partition - Bruised Body of a Female Refugee

Women of 1947 Partition of Indian subcontinent.

A woman among the refugees who left India, exposing her body to show the bruises she has endured.

These women were in a setting where the societal norms looked down upon them exposing their bodies. Thus, these women showing their body parts is suggestive of the pain they went through: they were in a state where those norms ceased to matter.

They were mistreated during their journey and often arrived at the camps after being molested. Often the perpetrators would mutilate women after molesting them. They would cut them up, often slicing off their breasts.

Women were among the worst affected victims of Partition. The chaos and displacement made them especially vulnerable. They were molested, tortured and kidnapped. Many of the abducted women were forcefully converted to the abductors' religion, who also often married them against their will. There are several accounts of women and girls giving up their own lives by jumping into wells, preferring that fate than what awaited otherwise.

This image is from the collection of F.E. Chaudhry, the only known local Pakistani photographer who captured the events at the time.