Belisarius (3/4 right front, post-conservation)

This aged and emaciated figure is the blind general Belisarius. Heavy eyelids almost completely cover his eyes, which register nothing of the outside world. Deeply set eye sockets, encircled by wrinkles, also draw attention to Belisarius's blindness. His veined and wrinkled forehead, tilted head, and open mouth, emphasize his vulnerable state.
 
In the mid-1700s, a novel by Jean-François Marmontel revived interest in Belisarius--a popular general of the <span class="text-link" onclick="javascript:link(84, 298, event);">Roman Empire whose promising career was sabotaged by the jealous Emperor Justinian I. In Marmontel's novel, the emperor has the heroic general blinded, reducing Belisarius to begging. He is eventually rediscovered and aided by former officers and his family. This dramatic tale of patriotism, injustice, and redemption was widely embraced in revolutionary and post-revolutionary France and was a popular subject for painters and sculptors--including Jacques-Louis David, Jean-Antoine Houdon, and François Gérard (whose painting Belisarius is also in the Museum's collection).
 
Jean-Baptiste Stouf exhibited this marble sculpture at the <span class="text-link" onclick="javascript:link(84, 114, event);">Salon of 1791; he had previously shown a <span class="text-link" onclick="javascript:link(84, 641, event);">terracotta model of the <span class="text-link" onclick="javascript:link(84, 549, event);">bust of Belisarius in 1785. Like many eighteenth-century artists who depicted Belisarius, Stouf emphasized the subject's pathos, highlighting the injustice of the general's plight. The intimate and sympathetic portrait also demonstrates Stouf's mastery of marble carving. The luxuriantly sculpted beard and cascading curls of hair, the crumpled, crinkled skin, and the broad, high brow are all captured with a subtlety that belies the challenge of carving stone. The formal characteristics of Belisarius echo <span class="text-link" onclick="javascript:link(84, 224, event);">classical and <span class="text-link" onclick="javascript:link(84, 542, event);">Baroque sculpture but also anticipate the <span class="text-link" onclick="javascript:link(84, 1253, event);">Romantic sensibility of the 1800s.