Ni Yuanlu was born in Shangyu, Zhejiang province. His courtesy name was Ruyu and literary name Hongbao. He passed the Imperial Exam in the Tianqi Period of the Ming Dynasty and the highest position he held was President of Ministry of Revenue (hubushangshu) and Secretary of the hamlin Academiciem (hanlinyuan). Ni excelled at landscape and flower painting, which is vigorous and elegant, carrying a sense of freshness and broadness. He was also an accomplished calligrapher, specializing in running and cursive script and stand script.