In 1976, Atari produced Breakout: a Pong variant in which players bounced a ball off a horizontally-moving paddle against a brick wall at the top of the screen. The object was to destroy as many bricks as possible without allowing the ball to drop past the paddle. The black and white screen was enhanced with colored overlays for the brick rows.
Breakout was the last game designed by Nolan Bushnell for Atari. He gave his design for the game to young Atari technician Steve Jobs. Bushnell promised Jobs a bonus for every chip he was able to eliminate from the game. By minimizing the number of chips in a game, Atari saved money on repairs and production.
Jobs did not have previous video game programming experience, so he enlisted the help of his friend Steve Wozniak, a talented engineer for Hewlett-Packard. In just four days, Wozniak completed the game, reducing the number of chips so much that no one else understood how the game worked. Wozniak's version of Breakout was so minimized, that the Atari manufacturing plant could not replicate it. Atari released a version of the game with more chips instead.
Bushnell awarded Jobs the promised bonus money. Jobs had agreed to evenly split the bonus with Wozniak, but did not give Wozniak the money he deserved. Not until years later- well after the pair had designed Apple II and founded Apple Computers together- did Wozniak discover Jobs' deception. The Breakout bonus would become a divisive issue between the two.
Breakout is important not only for its backstory, but for its enormous popularity throughout the decades. Breakout was so popular that the term "Breakout Clone" is still used to refer to any game with similar mechanics. The game was ported to several game consoles, including the Atari 2600, and inspired sequels such as the Super Breakout arcade game and Breakout 2000 for the Atari Jaguar.