In 1853, two years after the first international exposition of arts and industries took place in London, American manufacturers announced their sophistication and prominence in the world marketplace with an international exhibition in New York City. Displayed at this important fair, this monumental bookcase is decorated with intricately carved Gothic spires, arches, buttresses and figures dressed in quasi-medieval costumes representing the arts of sculpture, painting, music and architecture. Gustave Herter, who had only recently arrived in New York, brought with him the latest fashions from Germany and began working with the more established cabinetmaker Erastus Bulkley. The exhibition catalogue credited the partnership for the bookcase's impressive design and skilled execution. The stained glass was probably installed in the late 19th century.