Descent from the Cross

In 1611, Peter Paul Rubens was asked to paint a three-panel altarpiece for a side chapel in Antwerp Cathedral. These preparatory works are studies for this major commission. Rubens used them to define the dramatic composition. He may have also shown them to his patrons for approval before embarking on the large
altarpiece.

The theme of the altarpiece was chosen by the guild who commissioned it and alludes to its patron saint, Christopher (‘Christ-bearer’ in Greek). The scenes thus represent the body of Christ being supported, as it is here being lowered from the cross. The two wings (for which the Courtauld owns two smaller oil sketches) depict a pregnant Mary (carrying Christ in her womb) and the priest Simeon holding him shortly after his birth. Christ's body and the cloth behind him create a dramatic white diagonal that lends unexpected dynamism to this scene of intense grief.