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Culture Shock Miami
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politically charged rappers, creating a cultural
property rights in the digital age.
dialogue with
"We were projecting on the future screen then. Some of the ideals and expectations and what
we were trying to produce are getting results now. The fruit is ripe. Environmentalism, the
peace movement, the intercultural processes - It's the talk of the town now." And then he
quotes the title of a book that few government bureaucrats would know but is classic for an old
hippie: Timothy Leary's The Politics of Ecstasy
Africa, and reimagining intellectual
Gilberto Gil's life story embodies the changes in the region from a culturally rich but
economically strapped entity that struggled, sometimes violently, to assert itself in a sphere still
shrugging off European control to an increasingly self-empowered voice.
It's a global leadership role that Gil says he has always found antithetical to his humble
disposition, and which he wields with enviable aplomb.
Gil was born in 1942 in Bahia, the province where Brazil's connection to Africa is most
pronounced and some of the greatest music in the world has been made. He says he was a
reflective and introverted youth, which made his transition into generational spokesman and
agent provocateur difficult
"One of the things that really bothered me was the sense of bothering others," he says. "This
really is uncomfortable for me, even if it's true, if I'm right, even if I'm doing good. I was born to
be agreeable, to please."
Gil and his friends and collaborators, including Caetano Veloso, Os Mutantes, and Jorge Ben,
were
making a scene in Sao Paulo. When they started playing psychedelic pop on a national
TV show, they outraged the left as well as the night. It was the South American equivalent of
Bob Dylan playing electric guitar at the Newport Folk Festival. Except Dylan never was jailed,
interrogated, and thrown out of the country.
Tropicalia has become a widely romanticized movement, embraced worldwide by hipsters and
intellectuals. It was the subject of a London artexhibit last year that then moved to Berlin, New
York and Chicago. But for Gil, it was a painful, confusing time, marked by tumult, self-doubt,
and brutal punishment. "It was agony," he says.
. In jail, Gil turned to meditation. He recalls thinking, "Now I'm here, what do I do with my life?
What do I do with my time? What do I do with my boredom? What do I do with being lost in
this dirty spot? And you have to look for the light, in physical and spiritual and substantial
terms. Where is the light substance, how can I grasp it?"
The study of Eastern philosophies he began then has shaped his music since. It was the focus
of a '99 book on Gil by artist Bené Fonteles that was accompanied by a CD. That CD, Gil
Luminoso, was recently released commercially. Gil sings 15 songs from his past accompanied
only by himself on guitar. It's a spare, beautiful, reflective album full of poetic musings, such as
on 75's Retiros Espirituals (Spiritual Retreats): "How having problems can be the same as
resolving not to have them/ Resolve to have them is to resolve to have to ignore them."
Gil has brought his experiences as a creator of culture to bear on his post as a policy-maker
He's used his unique position to become a world leader on the issue of intellectual property
rights, a point of friction between developed and developing nations. He advocates a flexible
approach to copyright in which some works of art may be universally owned, while others are
still individually controlled, Gil has offered a handful of his songs up to anyone who wants
them. At SXSW, Gil said it's a philosophy that dates back to Thomas Jefferson, who wrote that
the intellectual domain is the least adjustable to the concept of property.
Gil is a big-picture kind of guy. He's a wide-ranging, well-read thinker who turns discussions
into philosophical points, albeit sometimes with the elliptical vagaries of a Leary-quoter
(compounded by the strange translations of a Latin language into a Germanic one).
"It's very important that philosophy inform action. Despite the pragmatic demands of life, it's
this philosophical mapping that really gives you the possibility of being sufficiently humble to
accept life and difference and the other, the non-you. I've been dedicating my life to this kind of
research."
In jail, Gil learned to accept that, as the Vedic scriptures put it, "all life is suffering." That gave
him a serenity that he now calls the soft power," and a psychologist might call passive
aggression. If he has learned to have grace in the face of that he cannot change, beneath lies
a well of courage to change what he can.
**This is the challenge of the future, how to create a new form of totalizing. The visit of
President Bush to Lula is one of those things. It's more than the summing of each side's
interests. The outsiders are gaining from their gain."
It's strange to see an icon of antiestablishmentarianism celebrating the visit of an unpopular
American president. Gil has his critics, including old friends who think he's sold out. But he
sees his new role as a triumph and a vindication of his old views. "Are you still a hippie?"
someone asked him at the end of the SXSW press conference. "Definitely,"Gil smiled.
"Now it's not just preaching in the desert, as it was then," the minister of culture -- or is that
counterculture? - told The Miami Herald later, at the hotel. "Now it's politicizing, it's the citizen
saying it, not me. It's street talk, not the private agony of a crazy boy at home. Now it's easy."
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