Traditional jewellery often followed out-dated aristocratic examples. Many Spanish traditional earrings were based on 17th and 18th century patterns, but over time local differences became fixed, and patterns became characteristic of a particular place.
Long narrow earrings, often set with red stones, are typical of Barcelona. They are frequently very long, as here. These are set with foiled almandine garnets, but red glass or foiled crystal are more common.