People suffering from contagious and incurable diseases often faced defamation and stigmatization. Lepers had to use a rattle to warn healthy people not to approach them. Stories about the alleged misdeeds of lepers, which found their way into works such as Sebastian Münster's cosmography, bear witness to the spread of these prejudices.
In a special sickness show, as shown in stylized form in a woodcut illustration of Gerßdorff's medical work, it was to be determined who was suffering from leprosy and how the examination of infected persons should be carried out.