Francis Hopkinson (1737–1791)

Francis Hopkinson was a true Renaissance man of the Revolution, serving as a lawyer, judge, poet, and composer who added a unique creative spark to the founding generation. Representing New Jersey in the Continental Congress, he signed the Declaration of Independence and served on the Navy Board during the most difficult years of the war. Hopkinson is widely credited by historians as the primary designer of the first official United States flag, as well as the Great Seal of the United States and the design of the Continental currency. His satirical writings and patriotic songs boosted the morale of the Continental Army and mocked the British "fortitude" in the face of American resistance. He spent his final years as a federal judge, leaving a legacy that blended artistic vision with legal brilliance.