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Jack-in-the-Pulpit No. IV

Georgia O'Keeffe1930

National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
Washington, DC, United States

In her youth, Georgia O’Keeffe had been particularly fascinated by the jack-in-the-pulpit. In 1930, she executed a series of six paintings of the common North American herbaceous flowering plant at Lake George in New York. The National Gallery of Art is home to five of these six works: Jack-in-Pulpit - No. 2,_ Jack-in-the-Pulpit No. 3_, this work, Jack-in-Pulpit Abstraction - No. 5, and _Jack-in-the-Pulpit No. VI._ _Jack in the Pulpit No. IV_ presents a magnified view of the spadix set against the spathe’s cavernous, dark purple interior. The composition is bifurcated by a narrow strip of white that emerges from the tip of the spadix. Green foliage and a hint of cloudy sky are confined to the upper right and left corners.


The large, magnified representations of flowers that O’Keeffe embarked upon in the 1920s became her most famous subjects. Although such images had antecedents in the photographs of Paul Strand (American, 1890 - 1976) andEdward Steichen (American, 1879 - 1973), and were to some extent paralleled in the paintings of Charles Demuth (American, 1883 - 1935), O’Keeffe rendered them at an unprecedented scale and became more closely associated with flower imagery than her male peers.

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  • Title: Jack-in-the-Pulpit No. IV
  • Creator: Georgia O'Keeffe
  • Date Created: 1930
  • Physical Dimensions: overall: 101.6 x 76.2 cm (40 x 30 in.) framed: 104.8 x 79.7 x 4.3 cm (41 1/4 x 31 3/8 x 1 11/16 in.)
  • Provenance: The artist; by exchange 1955 through (Downtown Gallery, New York) to Drs. Melvin [1920-1969] and Helen W. [1921-2009] Boigon, New York, until at least 1971;[1] sold 1972 through (Hirschl & Adler Galleries, Inc., New York) to private collection, Miami; (Kennedy Galleries, Inc., New York), in 1973; returned 1973 through Doris Bry, New York, to the artist [1887-1986];[2] her estate; bequest 1987 to NGA. [1] The artist wrote to Edith Halpert, owner of the Downtown Gallery, on 3 January 1955: "The Boigons write me that they have exchanged the Antelope [Pedernal] for the "Jack In The Pulpit" -- and I don't know which one." Halpert responded on 8 January 1955: "Yes, the Boigons decided to exchange 'Antelope and Pedernal' for the large 'Jack-in-the-Pulpit #6' date 1930." (The letters are in the Downtown Gallery Records, 1824-1974, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington: Artist Files, A-Z: O'Keeffe, Georgia 1951-1955, Box 25, Reel 5550, Frames 1173-1175 and 1177-1178; copies in NGA curatorial files.) The artist and Doris Bry renumbered the Jack-in-the-Pulpit series in 1970; this painting, now the fourth, was originally the sixth. [2] The provenance is from Barbara Buhler Lynes, _Georgia O'Keeffe: Catalogue Raisonné_, 2 vols., New Haven and London, 1999: 1:435, no. 718.
  • Rights: CC0
  • Medium: oil on canvas
National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

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