American customers with sufficient wealth prized cotton textiles painted and dyed in India for the export market. With their brilliant, colorfast hues and luxurious polished surface finish, Indian chintzes were the most expensive and desirable of the printed cottons. This two-piece dress has a fitted jacket with ruffled peplum at the waist. The jacket is worn over a pleated petticoat with flounced hem. The ensemble would have been appropriate for informal daytime wear. Jacket ensembles such as this became increasingly fashionable in the 1780s and 1790s. The ensemble was worn by Anne Van Cortlandt Van Rensselaer of Croton and later Albany, New York.
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