Jian, Pen and Juan are ancient water vessels. During the time when mirrors were not so popular,Jian served a similar function as a mirror. Ancient people looked at the reflection in the water-filled Jian to tidy their faces. It was first made of pottery. Later in the mid- Spring and Autumn Era, it was made of bronze. It was very popular in the late- Spring and Autumn Era and the following Warring State Period.