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Since the first public Pilgrimage in 1969, Manzanar has been the focus of a grass-roots movement to preserve the sites and stories of the confinement of Japanese Americans during World War II. Through the efforts of the Manzanar Committee and others, Manzanar was formally recognized as a California Historical Landmark in 1972; placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976; designated a National Historic Landmark in 1985; and ultimately established by Congress as a National Historic Site in 1992.