Measuring electricity and magnetism

Since ancient times, people have been aware of static electricity and magnets. It was not until the invention of batteries, however, that people were actually able to manipulate electricity and magnetism. Measuring the size and strength of electricity and magnetism is the starting point for clarifying their properties and for using these phenomena. Electricity and magnetism were initially measured by converting them to "force", but in more recent years microscopic properties of matter have been used for measurements.