Plan of city and environs

Walter Burley Griffin (1876–1937) graduated from the University of Illinois as an architect and land planner in 1899. He worked in Frank Lloyd Wright’s Oak Park studio from 1901 to 1906, where he met fellow architect Marion Mahony. In 1911 Marion and Walter established a joint architectural practice and were married.

In the same year Griffin entered the Australian Federal Capital City Design Competition, and was awarded first place in May 1912. The extent to which Marion and Walter collaborated on the design of Canberra is unclear. Certainly, Marion beautifully created the drawings realising Walter’s vision for the capital.

Griffin’s winning design for Australia’s national capital reveals his attention to the topographical and symbolic elements of place. The symbolic importance of landforms is evident in his plan for the national capital, and he later proposed a colourful planting scheme for Mount Ainslie, Black Mountain and Red Hill.

The red lines on this drawing show the principal structural axes on which the Griffin design is based.