The gayageum makes sounds when the strings are plucked and strummed. The soundboard, which is made of paulownia wood, has twelve movable bridges that support twisted silk strings.
There are the pungnyu gayageum for literati music, the sanjo gayageum for folk music, and the modified gayageum for modern music. They come in different materials, sizes, or numbers of strings. It is normally associated with an accompaniment for court music, chamber music, and lyric songs.