Project Phoenix came out of ID’s 1988 Systems Design Workshop and its investigation of the climate crisis, specifically the greenhouse effect. With Chuck Owen as their teacher, the team developed a system of interlocking solutions divided into two proposals: Fire Reversed and Fire Replaced. Fire Reversed aims to replenish and reinforce Earth’s photosynthesizing process, removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through two macro-design categories: regreening deserts and barren land through domes under which selected plant ecosystems can thrive, and a simulated floating environment built in the relatively barren mid-ocean areas. Fire Replaced explores ways of replacing carbon-based fuels to produce heat, light, and energy to prevent further exacerbation of the global warming problem. It envisions a system of space-based solar power – satellites built with raw materials harvested from the lunar surface and assembled in a factory orbiting the moon. Honored as Environmental Category Grand Winner in Popular Science magazine’s “100 Greatest Achievements in Science and Technology.”