Taksim Square

Nazmi Ziya was born in Istanbul and took his first art lessons from Hoca Ali Rıza. At his father's request he studied at the School of Political Sciences, but after graduating enrolled at the School of Fine Arts in 1902, where he studied under Salvatore Valeri, Joseph Warnia-Zarzecki and Osgan Efendi. In 1905 he met the famous painter Paul Signac who was visiting Istanbul, and this meeting altered his view of art. When he graduated with a first class degree in 1908 he went to Paris to study at the Julian Academy in the studio of Jean-Paul Laurens (1838- 1921). Then he went on to attend the studio of Fernand Cormon (1845-1924) at the Paris Academy of Fine Arts. He travelled to Germany and Austria to view art in those countries, returning to Turkey after the First World War broke out in 1914. He was appointed director of Izmir Teacher Training School and went on to work as a schools inspector in Istanbul. He twice served as director of the School of Fine Arts, in 1918-1921 and 1925-1927. His work was first exhibited at the Galatasaray Exhibition.

The Ottoman Society of Painters organized the Galatasaray Exhibitions, which became the showcase for developments in the art world.

Nazmi Ziya was one of the young Ottoman artists who went to Europe to study art in 1909-1910—principally at the Julian Academy in Paris—but were obliged to return home at the outbreak of the First World War and so became known as the '1914 Generation'. As well as Nazmi Ziya, the group included leading painters like İbrahim Çallı, Avni Lifij, Feyhaman Duran, Namık İsmail and Hikmet Onat, who played an important part in the spread of such genres as landscape and still life in Turkish painting. A striking aspect of their work is the way their paintings reflect their own impressions and personal interpretations. Owing to their pure colours and sensitivity to light, these painters are sometimes described as the Turkish Impressionists. Almost all of them were among the first Turkish teachers at the Academy of Fine Arts in Istanbul and so were active in training the next generations of Turkish artists.

Nazmi Ziya painted a variety of single- or multi-figure themes. The work here is a typical cityscape, featuring the new Taksim Square situated on the European side of Istanbul, and focusing on the Monument of the Republic by the Italian sculptor Pietro Canonica (1869-1959) that was installed in Taksim Square in 1928. One side of the monument symbolizes the Turkish War of Independence and the other side the new Turkish Republic. The painting features women dressed in fashionable western outfits, typical of the period following the dress code reform of 1934.