Annibale Carracci, with Caravaggio the most innovative painter at the birth of baroque painting, painted the theme (Matthew, III, 13-17) already in 1585 for S. Gregorio in Bologna, with michelangelesque figures. Of particular interest is the comparison with Domenichino's simultaneously created 'Landscape with the Baptism of Christ' (inv. KS 52) with a similar arrangement of Christ and John, seen from the opposite direction.
An old copy of Carracci's Invention, without the tree on the right, is in the Gemäldegalerie Berlin (oil on canvas, 130 x 97 cm).