The Constitutional Reform that Transformed Luxembourg’s Democracy

Despite the failure of revolutionary unrest, the constitutional revision of 1919 marks a decisive turning point for Luxembourg. Sovereignty no longer resides with the Grand Duke but with the Nation – a fundamental step towards parliamentary democracy. With the introduction of universal suffrage for both men and women, political participation is extended to all social classes. At the same time, the electoral system is fundamentally reformed: proportional representation, list voting, and the creation of four electoral districts.