Convict William Buckley (1780–1857) escaped from custody at the ill-fated settlement at Sorrento in 1803. From then until 1835, when he walked into the camp of John Batman, Buckley lived with Aboriginal people.
The painting is after a lithograph of Buckley by Ludwig Becker, drawn for the frontispiece to a version of Buckley's story as narrated to John Morgan titled: The life and adventures of William Buckley : thirty-two years a wanderer amongst the aborigines of the then unexplored country round Port Phillip, now the province of Victoria. This engraving was based upon a drawing by Nicholas Chevalier (1828–1902), which in turn was based upon Becker's lithograph.