In 1638, two years after the Byeongjahoran, the Joseon Dynasty began to build structures that would allow artillery batteries to be positioned along the walls of Namhansanseong.
Of the artillery batteries at Namhansanseong remaining today, those on the Third South Outwork originally featured the traditional keyhole shape, with two fixed armored housing positioned to east and west, although archaeologists believe that there used to be one more between the two. The original artillery batteries on the Second South Outwork had eleven casemates, but only nine remained after several renovation works involving the construction of new defensive walls above some of the gun platforms. The latest excavation of the site revealed one more barbette, which experts believe was used to defend the eighth auxiliary gate of the fortress body wall.