Carl Adolf Georg Lauterbach was a German explorer and botanist.
He studied natural sciences and agriculture at the Universities of Breslau and Heidelberg, obtaining his doctorate at the latter institution in 1888. Within the next twelve years he participated in three exploratory expeditions to Kaiser-Wilhelmsland. On the two later expeditions, he explored the Bismarck Mountains, located in the island's interior. On the third mission he was made director of the Neu-Guinea Compagnie. Some of the specimens that he collected were further examined by Viktor Ferdinand Brotherus and Paul Christoph Hennings.
At his estate in Stabelwitz, outside of Breslau, he maintained an impressive plant nursery and arboretum. He is commemorated with the genera Lauterbachia and Lauterbachiella. The genus Gertrudia was named after Lauterbach's wife, Gertrud Fuchs-Henel. In 1897 Anton Reichenow named the yellow-breasted bowerbird in his honor.