Sangram Singh I, popularly known as Rana Sanga, was a king from the Sisodia dynasty. He ruled Mewar, the traditional territory of Guhilas in present-day north-western India. However, through his capable rule his kingdom turned into one of the greatest power of Northern India in early sixteenth century. He controlled present-day Rajasthan, North Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, Haryana and amarkot sindh. His capital was located at Chittor.
In his long military career, Sanga achieved a series of unbroken successes against several neighbouring Muslim kingdoms, most notably the Lodhi dynasty of Delhi. He united several Rajput clans for the first time since the Second battle of Tarain and marched against the Timurid ruler Babur. Despite initial success, Sanga suffered a major defeat at Khanwa through the Timurid's use of gunpowder, which was unknown in North India at the time. He was later poisoned by his own nobles. His defeat at Khanwa is seen as a landmark event in Mughal conquest of Northern India.
His reign was admired by several of contemporaries including Babur, who described him the "greatest Indian king" of that time along with Krishnadevaraya of South India.